Hepatitis C antibody (HCV Ab) detects antibodies produced in response to hepatitis C virus (HCV) exposure. A positive result indicates past or current exposure. Antibodies persist after viral clearance, so a positive result does not confirm active infection and must be followed by HCV RNA testing.
Hepatitis C causes chronic liver inflammation, cirrhosis, and liver cancer if untreated. About 15-25% of people naturally clear the virus; 75-85% develop chronic HCV. Modern antiviral therapy achieves cure rates above 95% in 8-12 weeks and is available on the PBS in Australia.
FAQs
Does positive HCV Ab mean I have hepatitis C?
Not necessarily. About 15-25% of people clear the virus naturally. HCV RNA testing is required to determine whether the virus is still present and active infection exists.
Is hepatitis C curable?
Yes. Modern antiviral medications cure hepatitis C in over 95% of people within 8-12 weeks. Treatment is PBS-listed in Australia and can be prescribed by a GP.
Will the antibody test be positive after treatment?
Yes. HCV Ab persists for life even after viral cure. Cured status is confirmed by undetectable HCV RNA at 12 weeks post-treatment completion (SVR12).
How is hepatitis C transmitted?
Blood-to-blood contact is the primary transmission route, including sharing needles, drug equipment, or non-sterile tattooing equipment. Sexual transmission is possible but uncommon.
