Urinary erythrocytes are assessed by microscopy to confirm haematuria and identify the bleeding source. Dysmorphic red cells (distorted by passage through the glomerular membrane) indicate glomerulonephritis. Isomorphic (normal-shaped) cells indicate lower urinary tract bleeding from infection, stones, or tumour.
FAQs
What are dysmorphic red cells?
Red cells deformed by passage through the damaged glomerular membrane. Their irregular shapes indicate glomerulonephritis as the bleeding source.
Is dysmorphic haematuria serious?
Yes. It indicates glomerular disease requiring nephrology assessment and often kidney biopsy.
Why do adults over 40 need cystoscopy for haematuria?
Bladder cancer risk increases with age. Unexplained persistent haematuria in adults over 40 requires cystoscopy to exclude bladder cancer.
Can exercise cause haematuria?
Yes. Running causes transient isomorphic haematuria from bladder wall trauma that resolves within 24-48 hours. Persistent haematuria requires investigation.
